Double bind theory was first described by Gregory Bateson and his colleagues in the 1950s.[1]
Double binds are often utilized as a form of control without open coercion—the use of confusion makes them difficult both to respond to and to resist.[2]:271–278.
A double bind generally includes different levels of abstraction in the order of messages and these messages can either be stated explicitly or implicitly within the context of the situation, or they can be conveyed by tone of voice or body language. Further complications arise when frequent double binds are part of an ongoing relationship to which the person or group is committed.[1][2]

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